Is everything in life 'planned' and does everything happen for a reason ?

This question is not hard, and is very simple. What you call "life" you mean your personal experience. And whatever you may experience is affected by the present, and nothing but the present. With present conditions of mind you do, whatever. But your mind in the present moment is based on the past, and in the past you have your experiences, thoughts, feelings, conscience, perceptions and mental formations. Even the future affects you now, because you desire, and what you desire will always be a prospect for the future. So as each of these conglomerate into your present mind, those conditions arise for you to do whatever. And from when you do whatever there will be effect, and then effect of the effect, etc.